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Isobutylene (or 2-methylpropene) is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula (CH 3) 2 C=CH 2. It is a four-carbon branched alkene (olefin), one of the four isomers of butylene . It is a colorless flammable gas, and is of considerable industrial value.
English: Diagram showing the industrial synthesis of iso-octane from isobutylene. Isobutylene is dimerized using an Amberlyst catalyst to produce a mixture of iso-octenes. Hydrogenation converts this mixture to iso-octane.
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C 4 H 9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.
The reaction conditions for the synthesis of each type of isobutylene product vary depending on the desired molecular weight and what type(s) of monomer(s) is used. The conditions most commonly used to form low molecular weight (5–10 x 10 4 Da) polyisobutylene are initiation with AlCl 3 , BF 3 , or TiCl 4 at a temperature range of −40 to 10 ...
An idealized synthesis of 1-octanol is shown: Al ... This is a diagram of acid catalyzed dehydration of ethanol to produce ... e.g. isobutylene from tert-butyl alcohol.
Butyl rubber, sometimes just called "butyl", is a synthetic rubber, a copolymer of isobutylene with isoprene. The abbreviation IIR stands for isobutylene isoprene rubber. Polyisobutylene, also known as "PIB" or polyisobutene, (C 4 H 8) n, is the homopolymer of isobutylene, or 2-methyl-1-propene, on which butyl rubber is based. Butyl rubber is ...
Isobutane is the principal feedstock in alkylation units of refineries. Using isobutane, gasoline-grade "blendstocks" are generated with high branching for good combustion characteristics.
Isobutylene can be produced through a variety of methods. n-butane can be isomerized into isobutane which can be dehydrogenated to isobutylene. [7] In the Halcon process, t-Butyl hydroperoxide derived from isobutane oxygenation is treated with propylene to produce propylene oxide and t-butanol. The t-butanol can be dehydrated to isobutylene.