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A crista (/ ˈ k r ɪ s t ə /; pl.: cristae) is a fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The name is from the Latin for crest or plume , and it gives the inner membrane its characteristic wrinkled shape, providing a large amount of surface area for chemical reactions to occur on.
The end of cristae are partially closed by transmembrane protein complexes that bind head to head and link opposing crista membranes in a bottleneck-like fashion. [2] For example, deletion of the junction protein IMMT leads to a reduced inner membrane potential and impaired growth [ 3 ] and to dramatically aberrant inner membrane structures ...
3.11 Inner boundary membrane. 3.12 Cristal membrane. 3.2 Matrix. 3.3 Cristæ. 4 Mitochondrial DNA. 5 Matix granule. 6 Ribosome. 7 ATP synthase. Edit · Source image
In mitochondria, energy released by the electron transport chain is used to move protons from the mitochondrial matrix (N side) to the intermembrane space (P side). Moving the protons out of the mitochondrion creates a lower concentration of positively charged protons inside it, resulting in excess negative charge on the inside of the membrane.
Mitochondrial matrix has a pH of about 7.8, which is higher than the pH of the intermembrane space of the mitochondria, which is around 7.0–7.4. [5] Mitochondrial DNA was discovered by Nash and Margit in 1963. One to many double stranded mainly circular DNA is present in mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial DNA is 1% of total DNA of a cell.
Among those with mitochondria, the mitochondrial cristae may be tubular, discoidal, or in some cases, laminar. Most excavates have two, four, or more flagella . [ 4 ] Many have a conspicuous ventral feeding groove with a characteristic ultrastructure , supported by microtubules —the "excavated" appearance of this groove giving the organisms ...
Depiction of mitochondrial membranes. [1] Mitochondrial membrane transport proteins, also known as mitochondrial carrier proteins, are proteins which exist in the membranes of mitochondria. They serve to transport [2] molecules and other factors, such as ions, into or out of the organelles. Mitochondria contain both an inner and outer membrane ...
Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) represent regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which are reversibly tethered to mitochondria. These membranes are involved in import of certain lipids from the ER to mitochondria and in regulation of calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial function, autophagy and apoptosis.