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The prognosis for a subependymoma is better than for most ependymal tumors, [3] and it is considered a grade I tumor in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. They are classically found within the fourth ventricle , typically have a well demarcated interface to normal tissue and do not usually extend into the brain parenchyma ...
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA, SGCA, or SGCT) is a low-grade astrocytic brain tumor (astrocytoma) that arises within the ventricles of the brain. [1] It is most commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
About 10% of ependymomas are benign myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE). [7] MPE is a localized and slow-growing low-grade tumor, which originates almost exclusively from the lumbosacral nervous tissue of young patients. [7] On the other hand, it is the most common tumor of the lumbosacral canal comprising about 90% of all tumoral lesions in this ...
Astrocytoma causes regional effects by compression, invasion, and destruction of brain parenchyma, arterial and venous hypoxia, competition for nutrients, release of metabolic end products (e.g., free radicals, altered electrolytes, neurotransmitters), and release and recruitment of cellular mediators (e.g., cytokines) that disrupt normal parenchymal function. [2]
Simian virus (SV) 40 has been linked in studies to the development of choroid plexus tumors (CPTs). [6] The BK and JC viruses have also been linked to the problem. [7] In people with choroid plexus tumors, complexes formed by the big T antigen and the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and pRb have been shown to develop. [7]
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Central neurocytoma (CNC) is an extremely rare, ordinarily benign intraventricular brain tumour that typically forms from the neuronal cells of the septum pellucidum. [1] The majority of central neurocytomas grow inwards into the ventricular system forming interventricular neurocytomas.