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The average radiation dose from an abdominal X-ray is 0.7 millisieverts (0.0007 Sv), that from an abdominal CT scan is 8 mSv, that from a pelvic CT scan is 6 mGy, and that from a selective CT scan of the abdomen and the pelvis is 14 mGy. [7]
Dose area product (DAP) is a quantity used in assessing the radiation risk from diagnostic X-ray radiography examinations and interventional procedures, like angiography.It is defined as the absorbed dose multiplied by the area irradiated, expressed in gray-centimetres squared (Gy·cm 2 [1] – sometimes the prefixed units dGy·cm 2, mGy·cm 2 or cGy·cm 2 are also used). [2]
The flight-time equivalent dose concept is the creation of Ulf Stahmer, a Canadian professional engineer working in the field of radioactive materials transport. It was first presented in the poster session [1] at the 18th International Symposium of the Packaging and Transport of Radioactive Materials (PATRAM) held in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan where the poster received an Aoki Award for distinguished ...
Recognized effects of higher acute radiation doses are described in more detail in the article on radiation poisoning.Although the International System of Units (SI) defines the sievert (Sv) as the unit of radiation dose equivalent, chronic radiation levels and standards are still often given in units of millirems (mrem), where 1 mrem equals 1/1,000 of a rem and 1 rem equals 0.01 Sv.
The rep has variously been defined as 83 or 93 ergs per gram of tissue (8.3/9.3 mGy) [13] or per cc of tissue. [14] In 1953 the ICRU recommended the rad, equal to 100 erg/g as a new unit of absorbed radiation, [15] but then promoted a switch to the gray in the 1970s.
It is the absorbed energetic dose before the biological efficiency of the radiation is factored in. The rep has variously been defined as 83 or 93 ergs per gram of tissue (8.3/9.3 mGy) [2] or per cm 3 of tissue. [3] At the time, this was thought to be the amount of energy deposited by 1 roentgen. [4]
7: 8: A: B: A: 7 - I: N/A: B 7 - II: N/A: B 7 - III: Any Quantity: B O Key The absence of any hazard class or division or a blank space in the table indicates that no restrictions apply. X: These materials may not be loaded, transported, or stored together in the same transport vehicle or storage facility during the course of transportation.
For comparison, radiation levels inside the United States Capitol are 85 mrem/yr (0.85 mSv/yr), close to the regulatory limit, because of the uranium content of the granite structure. [14] The NRC sets the annual total effective dose of full body radiation, or total body radiation (TBR), allowed for radiation workers 5,000 mrem (5 rem). [15] [16]