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Herpetic gingivostomatitis is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). The HSV is a double-stranded DNA virus categorised into two types; HSV-1 and HSV-2.HSV-1 is predominantly responsible for oral, facial and ocular infections whereas HSV-2 is responsible for most genital and cutaneous lower herpetic lesions.
A diagnosis can be made from clinical signs and symptoms, and treatment consists of minimizing the discomfort of symptoms. [5] It can be differentiated from herpetic gingivostomatitis by the positioning of vesicles - in herpangina, they are typically found on the posterior oropharynx, as compared to gingivostomatitis where they are typically found on the anterior oropharynx and the mouth.
A herpetic whitlow is a herpes lesion , typically on a finger or thumb, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Occasionally infection occurs on the toes or on the nail cuticle. Herpes whitlow can be caused by infection by HSV-1 or HSV-2. [1]
Schematic drawing of a Herpesviridae virion. All members of the Herpesviridae share a common structure; a relatively large, monopartite, double-stranded, linear DNA genome encoding 100–200 genes encased within an icosahedral protein cage (with T=16 symmetry) called the capsid, which is itself wrapped in a protein layer called the tegument containing both viral proteins and viral mRNAs and a ...
Eye infection, in the form of conjunctivitis or keratitis, can happen when the eyes are rubbed after touching the lesion. Finger infection (herpetic whitlow) can occur when a child with cold sores or primary HSV-1 infection sucks his fingers. [29] [30] Blood tests for herpes may differentiate between type 1 and type 2.
[14] Herpes virus infection may take the form of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (HSV-1) [12] [15] or of infection by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), which infects 90% of children by age 2. [16] "The symptoms of elevated temperature and facial rash could be explainable by infection with the HHV-6 agent, which is ubiquitous among infants of ...
When inflammation of the gums and the mouth generally presents itself, sometimes the term gingivostomatitis is used, though this is also sometimes used as a synonym for herpetic gingivostomatitis. The term is derived from Greek στόμα (stoma) 'mouth' and -ῖτις (-itis) 'inflammation'.
In developing countries, necrotizing gingivitis occurs mostly in malnourished children. Due to shared predisposing factors in a population (e.g. students during a period of examinations, armed forces recruits) necrotizing gingivitis is known to occur in epidemic-type patterns.