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The Pyramid of Capitalist System is a common name of a 1911 American cartoon caricature critical of capitalism, copied from a Russian flyer of c. 1901. [1] [2] The graphic focus is on stratification by social class and economic inequality. [3] [4] The work has been described as "famous", [5] "well-known and widely reproduced". [3]
One of the earliest and most comprehensive accounts of social structure was provided by Karl Marx, who related political, cultural, and religious life to the mode of production (an underlying economic structure). Marx argued that the economic base substantially determined the cultural and political superstructure of a society.
Charismatic authority grows out of the personal charm or the strength of an individual personality. [2] It was described by Weber in a lecture as "the authority of the extraordinary and personal gift of grace (charisma)"; he distinguished it from the other forms of authority by stating "Men do not obey him [the charismatic ruler] by virtue of tradition or statute, but because they believe in him."
The economic and political transformation of the countryside in the period were filled by a large growth in population, agricultural production, technological innovations and urban centers; movements of reform and renewal attempted to sharpen the distinction between clerical and lay status, and power, recognized by the Church also had their effect.
In the Republic, Plato's Socrates raises a number of criticisms of democracy.He claims that democracy is a danger due to excessive freedom. He also argues that, in a system in which everyone has a right to rule, all sorts of selfish people who care nothing for the people but are only motivated by their own personal desires are able to attain power.
In sociology, the ruling class of a society is the social class who set and decide the political and economic agenda of society.. In Marxist philosophy, the ruling class are the class who own the means of production in a given society and apply their cultural hegemony to determine and establish the dominant ideology (ideas, culture, mores, norms, traditions) of the society.
The 1911 "Pyramid of Capitalist System" cartoon is an example of socialist critique of capitalism and of social stratification. In Marxist theory, the modern mode of production consists of two main economic parts: the base and the superstructure.
0-942299-11-6 (Zone Books edition, vol. 1) 0-942299-21-3 (Zone Books edition, vols. 2 and 3) The Accursed Share: An Essay on General Economy ( French : La Part maudite ) is a 1949 book about political economy by the French intellectual Georges Bataille , in which the author presents a new economic theory which he calls "general economy".