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Non-carious cervical lesions on an incisor belonging to Australopithecus africanus. Arrows show the location of the lesions. Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are a group of lesions that are characterised by a loss of hard dental tissue at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) region at the neck of the tooth, without the action of microorganisms or inflammatory processes. [1]
[1] [2] ECC is characterized by the presence of 1 or more decayed (non cavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth. [3] ECC has been shown to be a very common, transmissible bacterial infection, usually passed from the primary caregiver to the child.
Heavy tooth wear is commonly found on the occlusal (chewing) surface, but non-carious cervical lesions from tooth wear are also common in some populations. [7] Multiple indices have been developed in order to assess and record the degree of tooth wear, the earliest was that by Paul Broca. [8]
Most importantly, whether the carious lesion is cavitated or non-cavitated dictates the management. Clinical assessment of whether the lesion is active or arrested is also important. Noncavitated lesions can be arrested and remineralization can occur under the right conditions.
The major reasoning behind the controversy is the similarity of abfraction to other non carious lesions and the prevalence of multiple theories to potentially explain the lesion. One of the most prevalent theories is called "the theory of non-carious cervical lesions" which suggests that tooth flexion, occurring due to occlusion factors ...
Presence of carious lesion. Aesthetically unpleasant. Arresting the progression of the lesion. Reducing potential onset of caries or periodontal disease as these lesions can present as a plaque retention factor. Where there is a risk of pulpal exposure if lesion depth is severe enough. When retention of a removable appliance is interfered, i.e ...
They can also be used for non-frankly cavitated lesions (presenting a shadow under the enamel) that are not suitable for sealing. In addition, the procedure is particularly suitable for children, uncooperative, disabled and anxious patients. [7] [16]
Tooth remineralization is the natural repair process for non-cavitated tooth lesions, [1] [2] in which calcium, phosphate and sometimes fluoride ions are deposited into crystal voids in demineralised enamel. Remineralization can contribute towards restoring strength and function within tooth structure.