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Dinoflagellates are mostly marine plankton, but they are also common in freshwater habitats. Their populations vary with sea surface temperature, salinity, and depth. Many dinoflagellates are photosynthetic, but a large fraction of these are in fact mixotrophic, combining photosynthesis with ingestion of prey (phagotrophy and myzocytosis). [6] [7]
Gambierdiscus toxicus is a species of photosynthetic unicellular eukaryote belonging to the Alveolata, part of the SAR supergroup.It is a dinoflagellate which can cause the foodborne illness ciguatera, [1] and is known to produce several natural polyethers including ciguatoxin, maitotoxin, gambieric acid, and gambierol.
Symbiodinium is a genus of dinoflagellates that encompasses the largest and most prevalent group of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates known and have photosymbiotic relationships with many species. These unicellular microalgae commonly reside in the endoderm of tropical cnidarians such as corals , sea anemones , and jellyfish , where the products of ...
Alexandrium is a genus of dinoflagellates. It contains some of the dinoflagellate species most harmful to humans, because it produces toxic harmful algal blooms (HAB) that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in humans.
Ceratium species belong to the group of dinoflagellates known as dinophysiales, meaning they contain armored plates. [2] They contain a pellicle, which is a shell, that is made from the cell membrane and vesicles; vesicles are composed of cross-linked cellulose , forming the plates. [ 2 ]
Dinoflagellates(Dinoflagellata) are a phylum of Alveolates eukaryotes. The taxon is subdivided in 8 classes (Ellobiophyceae, Psammosea, Oxyrrhea, Pronoctilucea, Duboscquellea, Syndiniophyceae, Noctiluciphyceae and Dinophyceae).
Image credits: soosseli The photographer continued: “Another challenge is often the conditions. I go out in any possible weather. The temperature may drop to -30 degrees Celsius, and to be able ...
Gonyaulax is a genus of dinoflagellates with the type species Gonyaulax spinifera (Claparède et Lachmann) Diesing. Gonyaulax belongs to red dinoflagellates and commonly causes red tides . It can produce yesotoxins: for example, strains of Gonyaulax spinifera from New Zealand are yessotoxin producers.