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Post-exposure prophylaxis, also known as post-exposure prevention (PEP), is any preventive medical treatment started after exposure to a pathogen in order to prevent the infection from occurring. It should be contrasted with pre-exposure prophylaxis , which is used before the patient has been exposed to the infective agent.
Althoug doxycycline is approved to treat Lyme disease, the optimal dosing and duration of treatment for this condition is a topic of ongoing research. [105] [37] it can be used in adults and children. For treatment or prophylaxis of Lyme disease in children, it can be used for a duration of up to 21 days in children of any age. [106]
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4] [9] [10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
The genomic variations have direct implications on the clinical symptoms of tick-borne Lyme disease. For example, the tick-borne Lyme disease caused by B. burgdorferi s.s. may manifest with arthritis-like symptoms. [9] In contrast, B. garinii’s tick-borne Lyme disease may cause an infection in the central nervous system. [9]
Oxytetracycline is especially valuable in treating nonspecific urethritis, Lyme disease, brucellosis, cholera, typhus, tularaemia, and infections caused by Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Rickettsia. Doxycycline is now preferred to oxytetracycline for many of these indications because it has improved pharmacologic features. [clarification needed]
Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterial species of the spirochete class in the genus Borrelia, and is one of the causative agents of Lyme disease in humans. [1] [2] Along with a few similar genospecies, some of which also cause Lyme disease, it makes up the species complex of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.
The antibiotic doxycycline appears useful. [2] Chloramphenicol or azithromycin may also be used. [2] [3] The disease will also tend to resolve without treatment. [3] The disease occurs in sub-Saharan Africa, the West Indies, and Oceania. [1] [5] It is relatively common among travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. [2] Most infections occur between ...
Common forms of antibiotic misuse include excessive use of prophylactic antibiotics in travelers and failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage of antibiotics on the basis of the patient's weight and history of prior use. Other forms of misuse include failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic ...