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The fact that the osteology of the plesiosaur's neck makes it absolutely safe to say that the plesiosaur could not lift its head like a swan out of water as the Loch Ness monster does, the assumption that air-breathing animals would be easy to see whenever they appear at the surface to breathe, [146] the fact that the loch is too small and ...
Illustration of the skeletal anatomy of a Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus from Conybeare's 1824 paper that described an almost complete plesiosaur skeleton found by Mary Anning in 1823. Plesiosaurus was a moderately sized plesiosaur that grew to 2.87–3.5 m (9.4–11.5 ft) in length.
Elasmosaurus differed from all other plesiosaurs by having 72 neck vertebrae; more may have been present but were later lost to erosion or after excavation. Only Albertonectes had more neck vertebrae, 76, and the two are the only plesiosaurs with a count higher than 70; more than 60 vertebrae is very derived (or "advanced") for plesiosaurs. [14 ...
Plesiosauroidea (/ ˈ p l iː s i ə s ɔːr /; Greek: πλησιος plēsios 'near, close to' and σαυρος sauros 'lizard') is an extinct clade of carnivorous marine reptiles.They have the snake-like longest neck to body ratio of any reptile.
The neck anatomy of elasmosaurids was capable of making a gentle slope to allow them to breathe at the surface but would have required them to engage in energy-expensive swimming at the sub-surface. In addition, the longer neck would also have increased dead space, and the animals may have required larger lungs. The neck could have had other ...
A study on the large, paired openings in the neck vertebrae of plesiosaurs and their implications for inferring the anatomy of the vascular system in the neck of plesiosaurs is published by Wintrich, Scaal & Sander (2017). [139] A study on the swimming method of plesiosaurs is published by Muscutt et al. (2017). [140]
With only 19 to 21 cervical (neck) vertebrae, Peloneustes had a short neck for a plesiosaur. The limbs of Peloneustes were modified into flippers, with the back pair larger than the front. Peloneustes has been interpreted as both a close relative of Pliosaurus or as a more basal (early-diverging) pliosaurid within Thalassophonea , with the ...
Cryptoclididae is a family of medium-sized plesiosaurs that existed from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. They had long necks, broad and short skulls and densely packed teeth. They fed on small soft-bodied preys such as small fish and crustaceans.