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Daniel Defert was born on 10 September 1937. He graduated from the École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud.He earned the agrégation in philosophy. [1] Defert met Foucault while he was a philosophy student at the University of Clermont-Ferrand in France and their relationship lasted from 1963 until Foucault's death in 1984.
The long version was first published as "What Is Enlightenment" in English in The Foucault Reader. [2] It was first published in French in 1993 in Magazine littéraire under the title "Kant et la modernité " [1] and in 1994 in the fourth volume of Michel Foucault: Dits et Ecrits 1954–1988, edited by Daniel Defert and François Ewald.
Michel is not related to the physicist Léon Foucault. In later life, Foucault revealed very little about his childhood. [18] Describing himself as a "juvenile delinquent", he said his father was a "bully" who sternly punished him. [19] In 1930, two years early, Foucault began his schooling at the local Lycée Henry-IV.
Wrong-Doing, Truth-Telling: The Function of Avowal in Justice is a printed text version of the series of lectures delivered at the Catholic University of Louvain by Michel Foucault from early April to late May 1981.
L'Ordre du discours (The Order of Discourse) is Michel Foucault's inaugural lecture at the Collège de France, delivered on December 2, 1970. Foucault presents the hypothesis that in any society the production of discourse is controlled, in order to eliminate powers and dangers and contain random events in this production. [9]
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Foucault sees power as the means for constituting individuals’ identities and determining the limits of their autonomy. This reflects the symbiotic relationship between power (pouvoir) and knowledge (savoir). In his study of prisons and hospitals, he observed how the modern individual becomes both an object and subject of knowledge.
Richard Lynch's bibliography of Foucault's shorter work is invaluable for keeping track of these multiple versions. The major collections in English are: Language, Counter-Memory, Practice, edited by Donald F. Bouchard (1977) Power/Knowledge, edited by C. Gordon (1980) The Foucault Reader, edited by P. Rabinow (1984)