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A corn wet-milling facility in Lafayette Indiana operated by A.E. Staley Manufacturing Company. Corn wet-milling is a process of breaking corn kernels into their component parts: corn oil, protein, corn starch, and fiber. It uses water and a series of steps to separate the parts to be used for various products. [1]
An 1836 lithograph of tortilla production in rural Mexico Bowl of hominy (nixtamalized corn kernels). Nixtamalization (/ ˌ n ɪ ʃ t ə m ə l ɪ ˈ z eɪ ʃ ən / nish-tə-mə-lih-ZAY-shən) is a process for the preparation of maize (corn), or other grain, in which the grain is soaked and cooked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater (but sometimes aqueous alkali metal carbonates), [1 ...
The North American Millers' Association is headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Association was founded in April 1998, when the former Millers National Federation (wheat flour millers, established 1902), the American Corn Millers' Federation (corn dry millers, established 1918), and Protein Grain Products International (processors of grain products used in U.S. food aid programs) merged to ...
For example, wet-milling plants can separate a 56-pound bushel of corn into more than 31 pounds of cornstarch (which in turn can be converted into corn syrups or corn ethanol), 15 pounds of corn gluten meal for use in animal feed, and nearly 2 pounds of corn oil.
Staley was not being altruistic; corn wet-milling, which Staley's successor firm, Tate & Lyle, and its local competitor, Archer Daniels Midland, carry on to this day, is a water-intensive industrial process. Lake Decatur water is also used in the process of refining corn into ethanol. In 2007, about 76 percent of Lake Decatur's water was used ...
In wet milling, the corn grain is separated into components by steeping in dilute sulfurous acid for 24 to 48 hours. [13] The slurry mix then goes through a series of grinders to separate out the corn germ. The remaining components of fiber, gluten, and starch are segregated using screen, hydroclonic, and centrifugal separators.
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Corn gluten meal is commonly used as livestock feed containing about 65% crude protein. It can be a source of protein, energy, and pigments for livestock, and is used in pet foods for digestibility. Corn gluten meal is occasionally confused for corn gluten feed, which instead has approximately 22% crude protein and is a mixture of bran, steep ...