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Geospatial PDF is a set of geospatial extensions to the Portable Document Format (PDF) 1.7 specification to include information that relates a region in the document page to a region in physical space — called georeferencing. [1] A geospatial PDF can contain geometry such as points, lines, and polygons.
Spatial planning is synonymous with the practices of urban planning in the United States but at larger scales and the term is often used in reference to planning efforts in European countries. Discrete professional disciplines which involve spatial planning include land use , urban , regional , transport and environmental planning . [ 2 ]
A local development framework is the spatial planning strategy introduced in England and Wales by the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 and given detail in Planning Policy Statements 12. In most parts of the two countries, maintaining the framework is the responsibility of English district councils and Welsh principal area councils .
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to transportation planning. Transportation planning – process of defining future policies, goals, investments , and spatial planning designs to prepare for future needs to move people and goods to destinations.
Participatory GIS (PGIS) or public participation geographic information system (PPGIS) is a participatory approach to spatial planning and spatial information and communications management. [1] [2] PGIS combines Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) methods with geographic information systems (GIS). [3]
In England, spatial planning is undertaken at the national level, through the National Planning Policy Framework. The London region is the only one to have a statutory London Plan . Most planning functions are exercised by local authorities, with neighbourhood planning also taking place in some areas.
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Regional planning guidance is the predecessor of regional spatial strategies. The RPGs include:
The European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) is a document approved by the Informal Council of Ministers of Spatial Planning of European Commission in Potsdam in 1999. It is a legally non-binding document forming a policy framework with 60 policy options for all tiers of administration with a planning responsibility.