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More broadly, marketing managers work to design and improve the effectiveness of core marketing processes, such as new product development, brand management, marketing communications, and pricing. Marketers may employ the tools of business process re-engineering to ensure these processes are properly designed, and use a variety of process ...
Marketing orientations are the philosophies or mindsets that guide and shape marketing planning and marketing practice. Some marketing historians believe that different philosophies have informed marketing practice at different times in marketing's history. Although there is no real agreement amongst scholars about the precise nature or number ...
Marketing is the act of satisfying and retaining customers. [3] It is one of the primary components of business management and commerce. [4] Marketing is typically conducted by the seller, typically a retailer or manufacturer. Products can be marketed to other businesses or directly to consumers . [5]
Multiple choice questions lend themselves to the development of objective assessment items, but without author training, questions can be subjective in nature. Because this style of test does not require a teacher to interpret answers, test-takers are graded purely on their selections, creating a lower likelihood of teacher bias in the results. [8]
Kohli and Jaworski consider market orientation as the implementation of the marketing concept, whereas Carver and Slater consider it to be an organizational culture. According to the former authors, the marketing concept is a business philosophy, whereas the term market orientation refers to the actual implementation of the marketing concept.
Societal marketing is a philosophy or mindset that informs marketing decisions whereas social marketing is a distinct branch within the marketing discipline. Societal marketing is concerned with the consideration of the social and ethical aspects of marketing planning. Social marketing is concerned with facilitating social change.
A popularist anti-marketing stance commonly discussed in the blogosphere [4] and popular literature [5] is that any kind of marketing is inherently evil. The position is based on the argument that marketing necessarily commits at least one of three wrongs: Damaging personal autonomy. The victim of marketing in this case is the intended buyer ...
While the management school continued to borrow from economics, it also introduced ideas from the new and emerging fields of sociology and psychology, which offered useful insights for explaining aspects of consumer behaviour such as the influence of culture and social class. Key works in the marketing management tradition include Wroe Alderson ...