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Early intervention is a system of coordinated services that promotes the child's age-appropriate growth and development and supports families during the critical early years. In the United States, some early intervention services to eligible children and families are federally mandated through the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.
Early Start is California’s response to federal legislation ensuring that services to eligible infants and toddlers are coordinated and family-centered. It is a statewide system of early intervention services for infants and toddlers from birth to 36 months of age. This program is coordinated by regional centers and public school districts. [6]
Head Start is a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and families.
Early intervention programs for children living in low socioeconomic situations, such as the Head Start Program, began showing up around the country. [6] Education was soon at the forefront of many political agendas. As of the early 1970s, U.S. public schools accommodated 1 out of 5 children with disabilities. [7]
It addresses children’s critical needs through early intervention and regular interaction in community centers. [4] The goal is to help children overcome the effects of poverty, support their education, and prepare youth to contribute to society. [5] The organization provides health benefits, such as annual medical exam and care during illness.
EPSDT, as a set of benefits, offers a comprehensive approach to medical, dental, and mental health care for children which emphasizes prevention and early intervention. The core of the EPSDT benefit is a comprehensive, well-child visit known as an EPSDT screen.
A main focus of early intervention programs and services for deaf and hard of hearing children is language development. Early interventionists are able to work with the family during the early, critical years for language acquisition. [62] Early intervention can take many forms and usually depends on where the family lives.
Numerous programs have been created in order to help children at risk reach their full potential. Among the American programs of compensary education are Head Start, the Chicago Child-Parent Center Program, High/Scope, Abecedarian Early Intervention Project, SMART (Start Making a Reader Today), the Milwaukee Project and the 21st Century Community Learning Center.