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Initially, Let's Encrypt developed its own ACME client – Certbot – as an official implementation. This has been transferred to Electronic Frontier Foundation and its name "letsencrypt" has been changed to "certbot". There is a large selection of ACME clients and projects for a number of environments developed by the community.
The Public Suffix List is used by many companies such as Cloudflare, Google and Vercel. Cloudflare - Cloudflare utilises the list in order to restrict adding TLDs as zones. [18] Google Chrome - Chrome uses the list [19] to handle cookies properly in order to prevent super cookie creation on public suffixes.
Several versions of the TLS protocol exist. SSL 2.0 is a deprecated [27] protocol version with significant weaknesses. SSL 3.0 (1996) and TLS 1.0 (1999) are successors with two weaknesses in CBC-padding that were explained in 2001 by Serge Vaudenay. [28]
ACME logo. The Automatic Certificate Management Environment (ACME) protocol is a communications protocol for automating interactions between certificate authorities and their users' servers, allowing the automated deployment of public key infrastructure at very low cost.
Cloudflare was founded in July 2009 by Matthew Prince, Lee Holloway, and Michelle Zatlyn. [2] [8] [9] Prince and Holloway had previously collaborated on Project Honey Pot, a product of Unspam Technologies that served as some inspiration for the basis of Cloudflare. [10]
The Internet Security Research Group (ISRG) is a public-benefit non-profit corporation based in California which focuses on Internet security. [2] The group is known for hosting and running the Let's Encrypt service, which aims to make Transport Layer Security (TLS) certificates available for free in an automated fashion. [3]
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet.The protocol is widely used in applications such as email, instant messaging, and voice over IP, but its use in securing HTTPS remains the most publicly visible.
Certificate Transparency (CT) is an Internet security standard for monitoring and auditing the issuance of digital certificates. [1] When an internet user interacts with a website, a trusted third party is needed for assurance that the website is legitimate and that the website's encryption key is valid.