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[71] [104] Therefore, the falling melting and boiling points of the alkali metals indicate that the strength of the metallic bonds of the alkali metals decreases down the group. [71] This is because metal atoms are held together by the electromagnetic attraction from the positive ions to the delocalised electrons.
This is a list of the various reported boiling points for the elements, with recommended values to be used elsewhere on Wikipedia. For broader coverage of this topic, see Boiling point . Boiling points, Master List format
The melting (98 °C) and boiling (883 °C) points of sodium are lower than those of lithium but higher than those of the heavier alkali metals potassium, rubidium, and caesium, following periodic trends down the group. [12]
Boiling point: 961 K (688 °C, 1270 °F) Density ... However, the reaction rates of all alkali metals depend upon surface area of metal in contact with water, ...
2, but this reaction is accelerated by minute amounts of transition metal salts. [49] Because it can reduce the salts to the metal, potassium is often used as the reductant in the preparation of finely divided metals from their salts by the Rieke method. [50] Illustrative is the preparation of magnesium: MgCl 2 + 2 K → Mg + 2 KCl
Lithium metal is soft enough to be cut with a knife. It is silvery-white. In air it oxidizes to lithium oxide. [10] Its melting point of 180.50 °C (453.65 K; 356.90 °F) [13] and its boiling point of 1,342 °C (1,615 K; 2,448 °F) [13] are each the highest of all the alkali metals while its density of 0.534 g/cm 3 is the lowest.
The temperature at standard pressure should be equal to the normal boiling point, ... Properties of Alkali Metals, ... from the Triple Point to 800 K with Pressures ...
Elemental magnesium is a gray-white lightweight metal, two-thirds the density of aluminium. Magnesium has the lowest melting (923 K (650 °C)) and the lowest boiling point (1,363 K (1,090 °C)) of all the alkaline earth metals. [16] Pure polycrystalline magnesium is brittle and easily fractures along shear bands.