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In Russia, prior to the break-up of the Soviet Union, tuition was free for everyone obtaining sufficient grades. Since 1991, students obtaining sufficient grades, are still eligible for a free education (on a competitive basis) in state or private universities, but the student can also pay for studying if grades are above minimal threshold, but ...
A recent school reform provides for the average grade of a student to include the grade for behavior; as in academic subjects, acceptable ratings range from 6 to 10. In universities, a point system is used for exams, with 30 points being the best grade and 18 the minimum passing grade.
In order to simplify the procedure, while continuing to pursue the objective of making European grades more transparent, the European Commission proposes using an "ECTS grading table", concentrating on the first step of the 5-point system. Thus institutions only need to provide a standard table from the statistical distribution of their own grades.
The University of Andorra [11] has adapted its classroom studies to the European Higher Education Area in accordance with the Bologna Agreement. The degree workload is counted in European credits, with a European equivalent of 180 credits (three years) for bachelor's degrees and 120 credits (two years) for master's degrees.
Secondary school grades are delivered in percentages, with pass at 50% (sometimes 60%, i.e. for French language courses). While most secondary schools have suppressed honours and ranking of pupils, some still use them, like the Athénée Robert Catteau in Brussels, which uses a roughly equivalent system to universities, at the end of each year:
For law students at German universities, a similar system to the 1 to 5 scale is used that comprises one more grade that is inserted between 2 (gut) and 3 (befriedigend), named vollbefriedigend. This is because the grades 2 ( gut ) and 1 ( sehr gut ) are extremely rare, so an additional grade was created below gut to increase differentiation.
Some two million students have so far spent a fully accredited period of between 3 months and an academic year in another EU university under the programme, which has become a symbol of Europe in universities. The professional education programme is named after the renaissance inventor and all-rounder Leonardo da Vinci.
Therefore, an average grade of an 8 is considered "excellent". Depending on the grade, universities can grant some honors, although this system is very limited compared to some other countries. Most universities offer the distinction "cum laude", which on average only offered to a few percent of students, although the exact requirements vary.