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After Mexico gained independence in 1821, Mexican Texas legally permitted an influx of American settlers mainly from the Southern United States, [3] who within a decade outnumbered Hispanics in Texas, [4] making English as common as Spanish in central and north Texas. After Texas became an independent republic in 1836, English, with its ...
By 1820 fewer than 2,000 Hispanic citizens remained in Texas. [67] The situation did not normalize until 1821, when Agustin de Iturbide launched a drive for Mexican Independence. Texas became a part of the newly independent nation without any violence or physical conflict, ending the period of Spanish Texas. [71]
As of 2020, 64.9% of residents spoke only English at home, while 28.8% spoke Spanish at home. [1] Throughout the history of Texas, English and Spanish have at one time or another been the primary dominant language used by government officials, with German recognized as a minority language from statehood until the first World War.
Texas has a coastline on the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast. Covering 268,596 square miles (695,660 km 2), and with some 31 million residents as of 2024, [5] it is the second-largest state by both area and population. Texas is nicknamed the Lone Star State for its former status as an independent republic. [10]
Texas Declares Independence. Austin and Tanner map of Texas in 1836 Detail of the Republic of Texas from the Lizars map of Mexico and Guatemala, circa 1836. March 2 – The Texas Declaration of Independence is signed by 58 delegates at an assembly at Washington-on-the-Brazos and the Republic of Texas is declared. [1]
The following table is a list of all 50 states and their respective dates of statehood. The first 13 became states in July 1776 upon agreeing to the United States Declaration of Independence, and each joined the first Union of states between 1777 and 1781, upon ratifying the Articles of Confederation, its first constitution. [6]
Texas officials were at the moment deeply engaged in exploring settlements with Mexican diplomats, facilitated by Great Britain. Texas's predominant concern was not British interference with the institution of slavery – English diplomats had not alluded to the issue – but the avoidance of any resumption of hostilities with Mexico. [72]
The Burnet Flag used from December 1836 to January 1839 as the national flag. The design was suggested by President David G. Burnet and it was the flag of the republic until it was replaced by the Lone Star Flag, and as the war flag from January 25, 1839, to December 29, 1845 [3] Naval ensign of the Texas Navy from 1836–1839 until it was replaced by the Lone Star Flag [3] The Lone Star Flag ...