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Dunn is known as the "father" of the wellness movement. [1] He distinguished between good health—not being ill—and what he termed high-level wellness, which he defined as "a condition of change in which the individual moves forward, climbing toward a higher potential of functioning". [1]
For example, ill health is the only socially acceptable reason for an American to refuse an invitation to the White House. [48] The identification of a condition as a disease, rather than as simply a variation of human structure or function, can have significant social or economic implications.
According to tradition, Hippocrates was born into a hereditary order of priest-like physicians known as Asclepiads. [6] [7] At the time, the practice of medicine involved spiritual and supernatural elements, corresponding to the prevailing belief that health and illness were conferred by the gods. [7] Hippocrates did not share this view.
According to Hippocrates, diseases are derived from the imbalance of bodily substances. These substances are known as the humors. The humoral theory explains one's behavior and health conditions. The idea of humors in the human body reflected the four terrestrial elements: air, fire, earth, and water.
One example of a naturalistic disease theory is the theory expressed in western medicine or biomedicine, which links disease and illness to scientific causes. This leaves any personal liability for the disease out of the equation, and the diseases are attributed to organisms such as bacteria or viruses , accidents, or toxic substances .
An eponymous disease is a disease, disorder, condition, or syndrome named after a person, usually the physician or other health care professional who first identified the disease; less commonly, a patient who had the disease; rarely, a literary character who exhibited signs of the disease or an actor or subject of an allusion, as characteristics associated with them were suggestive of symptoms ...
There was also a gender gap, with women experiencing more years in poor health than men. "Worldwide, women live longer than men, but exhibit a 2.4-year-wider healthspan-lifespan gap," said Terzic.
One such account was that of the female doctor Agnodice. The validity of Agnodice’s story has been debated by scholars but according to legend, Agnodice was a woman in ancient Greece who disguised herself as a man to study medicine and become a doctor. She did so by cutting her hair and changing into men’s clothing. [11]