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  2. Dog anatomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_anatomy

    The following is a list of the muscles in the dog, along with their origin, insertion, action and innervation. Extrinsic muscles of the thoracic limb and related structures: [4] Descending superficial pectoral: originates on the first sternebrae and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. It both adducts the limb and also prevents the ...

  3. Blood vessel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_vessel

    Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body. They also take waste and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. [2] Some tissues such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens and cornea of the eye are not supplied with blood vessels and are termed avascular.

  4. Placental growth factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_growth_factor

    This is essential for increased blood flow and reduced resistance. [8] Proper development of blood vessels in the placenta is crucial for the higher blood requirement of the fetus later in pregnancy. Under normal physiologic conditions, PGF is also expressed at a low level in other organs including the heart, lung, thyroid, and skeletal muscle.

  5. Vasodilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasodilation

    Normal blood vessel (left) vs. vasodilation (right) Vasodilation, also known as vasorelaxation, is the widening of blood vessels. [1] It results from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, in particular in the large veins, large arteries, and smaller arterioles. [2]

  6. Sphincter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphincter

    Relaxation of the muscle causes it to lengthen, opening the lumen and allowing the passage of liquids, solids, or gases. This is evident, for example, in the blowholes of numerous marine mammals . Many sphincters are used every day in the normal course of digestion .

  7. Skin conditions in dogs: Symptoms, causes, and how to help - AOL

    www.aol.com/skin-conditions-dogs-symptoms-causes...

    "Immunotherapy can be utilized for atopic dogs. Blood samples help to identify what your pet is reacting to, then small amounts of these allergens can be given to your dog via regular injections ...

  8. Vasoconstriction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction

    To summarize, vasoconstriction is a physiological process that involves the narrowing of blood vessels, particularly arteries and arterioles, resulting in a reduction of blood flow to specific tissues or organs. This phenomenon is primarily regulated by the contraction of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls.

  9. Is it normal for a dog to sleep all day? - AOL

    www.aol.com/normal-dog-sleep-day-051535250.html

    Why do dogs need so much sleep? During a typical night, adult humans spend around 20-25% of their total sleep in REM (Rapid Eye Movement) stage, a percentage that is even higher in infants and ...