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The Harvard sentences, or Harvard lines, [1] is a collection of 720 sample phrases, divided into lists of 10, used for standardized testing of Voice over IP, cellular, and other telephone systems. They are phonetically balanced sentences that use specific phonemes at the same frequency they appear in English.
A codec listening test is a scientific study designed to compare two or more lossy audio codecs, usually with respect to perceived fidelity or compression efficiency. Most tests take the form of a double-blind comparison. Commonly used methods are known as "ABX" or "ABC/HR" or "MUSHRA". There are various software packages available for ...
The quality of voice transmission is characterized by several metrics that may be monitored by network elements and by the user agent hardware or software. Such metrics include network packet loss, packet jitter, packet latency (delay), post-dial delay, and echo. The metrics are determined by VoIP performance testing and monitoring.
NR algorithms (e.g., Recommendation ITU-T P.563 [7]) are low-accuracy estimates only, as the originating voice characteristics (e.g., male or female talker, background noise, non-voice) of the source reference is completely unknown. A common variant of NR algorithms does not even analyze the decoded audio signal, but works on an analysis of the ...
Inflation heated back up again in November, but it likely wasn’t bad enough to keep the Federal Reserve from cutting rates next week. Consumer prices were up 2.7% for the 12 months ended in ...
Trailing the host Detroit Lions by three points with the ball on the Lions' 41-yard line and 36 seconds left, Chicago didn't call its last timeout. A Williams pass for Rome Odunze near the end ...
MUSHRA stands for Multiple Stimuli with Hidden Reference and Anchor and is a methodology for conducting a codec listening test to evaluate the perceived quality of the output from lossy audio compression algorithms. It is defined by ITU-R recommendation BS.1534-3. [1] The MUSHRA methodology is recommended for assessing "intermediate audio quality".
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