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Russians in Finland or Russian Finns are a linguistic and ethnic minority in Finland. As of 2022, there are 93,535 Russian-speaking people, or 1.7% of population, in Finland. It is the second largest linguistic minority in the country. [1] However, many of Russian-speaking immigrants are ethnically Ingrian Finns and other Finno-Ugric peoples. [2]
The Russian language is the most spoken immigrant language in Finland (1.7%). [3] Nonetheless, the Russian language still has no official minority status in Finland, although historically it served as a third co-official language with Finnish and Swedish between 1900 and 1917.
The Language Manifesto of 1900, a decree by Nicholas II which made Russian the language of administration of Finland (in 1900, there were an estimated 8,000 Russians in all of Finland, of a population of 2,700,000)—the Finns saw this as placing the Russian minority in charge. [5]
Making Russian language one of the most-spoken immigrant language in Finland. [54] Until 2022 the popularity of Russian language was growing because of an increase in trade with and tourism from the Russia and other Russian-speaking countries and regions. [55]
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Karelian is a Finnic language [14] from the Uralic language family, and is closely related to Finnish. [15] Finnish and Karelian have common ancestry in the Proto-Karelian language spoken in the coast of Lake Ladoga in the Iron Age, and Karelian forms a dialect continuum with the Eastern dialects of Finnish. [16]
In 1831, the Finnish Literature Society was founded, which formed on the basis of appreciation of the Finnish language. Finnish was not represented as language of the scholarly elite, as most printed academic works, novels, and poetry was written in either Swedish or Russian.
The Tavastians (Finnish: hämäläiset; Swedish: Tavaster) were an ancient Finnish tribe that inhabited the historical province of Tavastia (Finnish: Häme).In Russian sources, they are called Yem (Емь) or Yam (Ямь), but the term later disappeared from the Russian language after Finland was incorporated into the Swedish realm. [1]