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A dialysis catheter is a catheter used for exchanging blood to and from a hemodialysis machine and a patient. The dialysis catheter contains two lumens : venous and arterial . Although both lumens are in the vein, the "arterial" lumen, like natural arteries, carries blood away from the heart, while the "venous" lumen returns blood towards the ...
Permanent hemodialysis catheters are longer overall but a segment is tunneled through the skin of the chest, which lets the catheter lie flat and lowers the risk of infection. Central venous access refers to a variety of intravenous catheters placed in patients requiring certain long-term medications.
Groshongs may be left in place for extended periods and are used when long-term intravenous therapy is needed, such as for chemotherapy.Similar to the Hickman line, the tip of the catheter is in the superior vena cava, and the catheter is tunneled under the skin to an incision on the chest wall, where the distal end of the catheter exits the body.
Non-tunnelled catheter access is for short-term access (up to about 10 days, but often for one dialysis session only), and the catheter emerges from the skin at the site of entry into the vein. Tunnelled catheter access involves a longer catheter, which is tunnelled under the skin from the point of insertion in the vein to an exit site some ...
Insertion is a surgical procedure, in which the catheter is tunneled subcutaneously under the skin in the chest area before it enters the SVC. Commonly used tunneled catheters include Hickman, and Groshong, or Broviac catheters and may be referred to by these names as well. A tunneled catheter may remain inserted for months to years.
Most common complications with venous access are catheter related infections, thrombophlebitis and venous thrombosis. If having thrombophlebitis or thrombosis; pain when using the access is another complication. Peripheral venous access is least prone to thrombosis, followed by midline catheters and the centrally placed catheters.
A port catheter is passed through the tunnel where one end is attached to the chemport and another end is left hanging out near the IJV insertion site. The length of the hanging port catheter should be about 16 to 17 cm (or can be measured from the IJV insertion site until 2 cm below the sternal angle where the right atrium should begin).
The Seldinger technique is used for angiography, insertion of chest drains and central venous catheters, insertion of PEG tubes using the push technique, insertion of the leads for an artificial pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, and numerous other interventional medical procedures.