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The ISBN-13 is often found near the barcode and will start with either 978- or 979-. However, if an older work only lists an ISBN-10, use that in citations instead of calculating an ISBN-13 for it. This is because ISBNs are often used as search strings and checksum differences between the two forms make it difficult to find items listed only ...
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier that is intended to be unique. [a] [b] Publishers purchase or receive ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency. [2] A different ISBN is assigned to each separate edition and variation of a publication, but not to a simple reprinting of an ...
ISBN example (book) 0 English Language area ISBN 0-330-28498-3 Douglas Adams, So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish, Pan Books (1984) 1 English Language area ISBN 1-58182-008-9 James Reasoner, Manassas, Cumberland House (1999) 2 French Language area ISBN 2-226-05257-7 Bernard Werber, Les Fourmis, Albin Michel (1991) 3 German Language area
Note that the ISBN hyphenation rule-base is a living document. This is a maintenance category of articles with invalid ISBNs. It is often included by means of the template {{Please check ISBN}}. If you fix an ISBN please remove the template or category from the article. Many article/ISBN problems are listed at WikiProject Check Wikipedia.
checksum – ISBN has one or more incorrect digits; look for typos and transposition invalid character – ISBN has one or more 'digits' that is not in the allowed set appropriate to ISBN length invalid prefix – 13-digit ISBNs must begin with '978' or '979' invalid form – 10-digit ISBNs with the mis-positioned 'X' character
Either hide them in a comment, or make the template produce "The ISBN x-xxx-xxxx-xx given for this publication is invalid; if you know the correct one, please consider fixing it.", with 'consider fixing it' linked to this (or another) page explaining the use of the ISBN template.
The template takes as argument a valid ISBN and yields the formatted version of that ISBN. Any existing hyphens in the ISBN are ignored, whether or not they are correctly placed: {{format ISBN|97-8-1-57181655-9}} → 978-1-57181-655-9 {{Format ISBN}} is intended to be substituted so that the template call in wikitext is replaced with the ...
Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces ...