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Summation, which includes both spatial summation and temporal summation, is the process that determines whether or not an action potential will be generated by the combined effects of excitatory and inhibitory signals, both from multiple simultaneous inputs (spatial summation), and from repeated inputs (temporal summation).
The compound muscle action potential (CMAP) or compound motor action potential is an electrodiagnostic medicine investigation (electrical study of muscle function). The CMAP idealizes the summation of a group of almost simultaneous action potentials from several muscle fibers in the same area.
In neurophysiology, the Compound action potential (or CAP) refers to various evoked potentials representing the summation of synchronized individual action potentials generated by a group of neurons or muscle fibers in response to a stimulus. [1]
Central sensitization of the dorsal horn neurons that is evoked from C fiber activity is responsible for temporal summation of "second pain" (TSSP). [15] This event is called 'windup' and relies on a frequency greater or equal to 0.33 Hz of the stimulus. [15] Windup is associated with chronic pain and central sensitization. [15]
Signal transmission from nerve to muscle at the motor end plate. The neuromuscular junction is the synapse that is formed between an alpha motor neuron (α-MN) and the skeletal muscle fiber. In order for a muscle to contract, an action potential is first propagated down a nerve until it reaches the axon terminal of the motor neuron.
Type Aβ fibres from the skin are mostly dedicated to touch. However a small fraction of these fast fibres, termed "ultrafast nociceptors", also transmit pain. [6] Type Aδ fibers are the afferent fibers of nociceptors. Aδ fibers carry information from peripheral mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
It allows the motor neuron to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction. [2] Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. In the neuromuscular system, nerves from the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system are linked and work together with muscles. [3]
Summation is the adding together of these impulses at the axon hillock. If the neuron only gets excitatory impulses, it will generate an action potential. If the neuron only gets excitatory impulses, it will generate an action potential.