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Stomatal conductance, usually measured in mmol m −2 s −1 by a porometer, estimates the rate of gas exchange (i.e., carbon dioxide uptake) and transpiration (i.e., water loss as water vapor) through the leaf stomata as determined by the degree of stomatal aperture (and therefore the physical resistances to the movement of gases between the air and the interior of the leaf).
In botany, a stoma (pl.: stomata, from Greek στόμα, "mouth"), also called a stomate (pl.: stomates), is a pore found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs, that controls the rate of gas exchange between the internal air spaces of the leaf and the atmosphere.
The spongy mesophyll cells are loosely packed, allowing for an increased surface area, and consequently an increased rate of gas-exchange. Uptake of carbon dioxide necessarily results in some loss of water vapor, [38] because both molecules enter and leave by the same stomata, so plants experience a gas exchange dilemma: gaining enough CO
They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. Light is the main trigger for the opening or closing. [citation needed] Each guard cell has a relatively thick and thinner cuticle [clarification needed] on the pore-side and a thin one opposite it. As water enters the cell, the thin side bulges outward like a ...
Their surfaces are waterproofed by the plant cuticle, and gas exchange between the mesophyll cells and the atmosphere is controlled by minute (length and width measured in tens of μm) stomata which open or close to regulate the rate exchange of CO 2, oxygen (O 2), and water vapor into and out of
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More leaves (or spines, or other photosynthesizing organs) means a bigger surface area and more stomata for gaseous exchange. This will result in greater water loss. Number of stomata: More stomata will provide more pores for transpiration. Size of the leaf: A leaf with a bigger surface area will transpire faster than a leaf with a smaller ...