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  2. Yamaha YM2151 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2151

    The Yamaha YM2151, also known as OPM (FM Operator Type-M) is an eight-channel, four-operator sound chip developed by Yamaha.It was Yamaha's first single-chip FM synthesis implementation, being created originally for some of the Yamaha DX series of keyboards (DX21, DX27, and DX100 [1]).

  3. Direct digital synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_digital_synthesis

    The reference oscillator provides a stable time base for the system and determines the frequency accuracy of the DDS. It provides the clock to the NCO , which produces at its output a discrete-time, quantized version of the desired output waveform (often a sinusoid ) whose period is controlled by the digital word contained in the Frequency ...

  4. Electronic oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_oscillator

    Simple relaxation oscillator made by feeding back an inverting Schmitt trigger's output voltage through a RC network to its input.. An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic, oscillating or alternating current (AC) signal, usually a sine wave, square wave or a triangle wave, [1] [2] [3] powered by a direct current (DC) source.

  5. Numerically controlled oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerically_controlled...

    A numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is a digital signal generator which creates a synchronous (i.e., clocked), discrete-time, discrete-valued representation of a waveform, usually sinusoidal. [1] NCOs are often used in conjunction with a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) at the output to create a direct digital synthesizer (DDS). [3]

  6. AY-3-8500 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AY-3-8500

    AY-3-8500 chip. The AY-3-8500 "Ball & Paddle" integrated circuit was the first in a series of ICs from General Instrument designed for the consumer video game market. These chips were designed to output video to an RF modulator, which would then display the game on a domestic television set.

  7. Phase-shift oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-shift_oscillator

    A phase-shift oscillator is a linear electronic oscillator circuit that produces a sine wave output. It consists of an inverting amplifier element such as a transistor or op amp with its output fed back to its input through a phase-shift network consisting of resistors and capacitors in a ladder network .

  8. RC oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC_oscillator

    The oscillator is designed to have a small-signal loop gain greater than one. The higher gain allows an oscillator to start by exponentially amplifying some ever-present noise. [11] As the peaks of the sine wave approach the supply rails, the saturation of the amplifier device flattens (clips) the peaks, reducing the gain.

  9. Voltage-controlled oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-controlled_oscillator

    VCOs can be generally categorized into two groups based on the type of waveform produced. [4]Linear or harmonic oscillators generate a sinusoidal waveform. Harmonic oscillators in electronics usually consist of a resonator with an amplifier that replaces the resonator losses (to prevent the amplitude from decaying) and isolates the resonator from the output (so the load does not affect the ...