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The legal means to acquire nationality, formal legal membership in a nation, differ from the domestic relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as citizenship. [3] [4] The Botswana nationality is typically obtained on the principle of jus sanguinis, i.e. by birth to parents with Botswana nationality. [5]
Namibian nationality law is regulated by the Constitution of Namibia, as amended; the Namibian Citizenship Act, and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. [1] [2] These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of Namibia. [3]
The action, Unity Dow v Attorney-General (Botswana) (High Court of Botswana Misca. 124/1990), argued that the 1984 Citizenship Act was discriminatory because it did not allow children the equal ability to derive nationality from their parents. [4] Dow was an indigenous Mosarwa woman who had a child with Peter Nathan Dow, a US national, in 1979.
In 1990, Dow filed suit in the High Court of Botswana to challenge the Nationality law of Botswana. [3] Under the 1984 Citizenship Act, only illegitimate children could derive nationality through their mother. [15] As two of her three children with Peter were born after their marriage, they were not considered Batswana. [16]
Attorney General of Botswana v. Unity Dow was a landmark case in Botswana women's rights, in which Unity Dow challenged the Botswanan nationality law that only allowed citizenship to be inherited paternally. [13] The Woman's Affairs Department is the government agency responsible for addressing women's issues. It has been criticised by women's ...
India has implemented a controversial citizenship law that has been widely criticized for excluding Muslims, a minority community whose concerns have heightened under Prime Minister Narendra Modi ...
Nationality law is the law of a sovereign state, and of each of its jurisdictions, that defines the legal manner in which a national identity is acquired and how it may be lost. In international law, the legal means to acquire nationality and formal membership in a nation are separated from the relationship between a national and the nation ...
Namibia: A person born in Namibia to a Namibian citizen parent or a foreign parent who is ordinarily resident in Namibia, is a Namibian citizen at birth (see Namibian nationality law). [68] São Tomé and Príncipe: A person born in São Tomé and Príncipe acquires São Toméan nationality, as long as the parents are residents of the country.