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Zinc has an electron configuration of [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 and is a member of the group 12 of the periodic table. It is a moderately reactive metal and strong reducing agent . [ 48 ] The surface of the pure metal tarnishes quickly, eventually forming a protective passivating layer of the basic zinc carbonate , Zn
This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z).. Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.
Many of the highly radioactive elements have values that must be predictions or extrapolations, but are unfortunately not marked as such. This is especially problematic for francium, which by relativistic calculations can be shown to be less electronegative than caesium, but for which the only value (0.7) in the literature predates these ...
Zn 2+ is a class A acceptor in the classification of Ahrland, Chatt and Davies, [16] and so forms stronger complexes with the first-row donor atoms oxygen or nitrogen than with second-row sulfur or phosphorus. In terms of HSAB theory Zn 2+ is a hard acid. In aqueous solution an octahedral complex, [Zn(H 2 O) 6] 2+ is the predominant species. [17]
Zinc(I) is known mostly in the gas phase, in such compounds as linear Zn 2 Cl 2, analogous to calomel. In the solid phase, the rather exotic compound decamethyldizincocene (Cp*Zn–ZnCp*) is known. Classification
These tables list values of molar ionization energies, measured in kJ⋅mol −1. This is the energy per mole necessary to remove electrons from gaseous atoms or atomic ions. The first molar ionization energy applies to the neutral atoms.
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Depending on the definition, the term may apply only to isolated atoms, or also to atoms in condensed matter, covalently bound in molecules, or in ionized and excited states; and its value may be obtained through experimental measurements, or computed from theoretical models. Under some definitions, the value of the radius may depend on the ...