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Slow pump pressure is the circulating pressure (pressure used to pump fluid through the whole active fluid system, including the borehole and all the surface tanks that constitute the primary system during drilling) at a reduced rate. SPP is very important during a well kill operation in which circulation (a process in which drilling fluid is ...
A simple control system for a water well. Referring to the figure on the left, a submersible water pump is installed in a well. The pressure switch turns the water pump on when it senses a pressure that is less than P lo and turns it off when it senses a pressure greater than P hi. While the pump is on, the pressure tank fills up.
The primary purpose of a wellhead is to provide the suspension point and pressure seals for the casing strings that run from the bottom of the hole sections to the surface pressure control equipment. [1] While drilling the oil well, surface pressure control is provided by a blowout preventer (BOP).
This tubing can be used as a kill string for chemical injection. The tubing may have a “no-go” nipple at the end as a means of pressure testing. Pumping flow: the tubing and pump are run to a depth beneath the working fluid. The pump and rod string are installed concentrically within the tubing.
The polished rod is connected to a long string of rods called sucker rods, which run through the tubing to the down-hole pump, usually positioned near the bottom of the well. Picture of a pump jack used to mechanically lift liquid out of the well if there is not enough bottom hole pressure for the liquid to flow all the way to the surface.
These pumps, often submersible and powered by electricity, can access water reserves located much deeper than shallow wells, ensuring a consistent supply even during periods of drought. They include different kinds of pumps, most of them submersible pumps: Hand pump, manually operated; Injector, a jet-driven pump; Mechanical or rotary lobe pump ...
Source (such as a well) pump discharging into an elevated tank; Raw water pumping from a river or lake; In-line booster pumping into an elevated tank; High service pumping of finished water at high pressure; Distributed system booster without a storage tank in the piping system
During that era, the simple drilling techniques, such as cable-tool drilling, and the lack of blowout preventers meant that drillers could not control high-pressure reservoirs. When these high-pressure zones were breached, the oil or natural gas would travel up the well at a high rate, forcing out the drill string and creating a gusher.