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Anterolateral view of head and neck (supraclavicular fossa labeled at center right) Front view of neck (supraclavicular fossa labeled at center right) Details;
Virchow's nodes are named after Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), the German pathologist who first described the nodes and their association with gastric cancer in 1848. [4] The French pathologist Charles Emile Troisier noted in 1889 that other abdominal cancers, too, could spread to the nodes.
The nerves descend in the posterior triangle of the neck beneath the platysma muscle and the deep cervical fascia. [citation needed] Near the clavicle, the supraclavicular nerves perforate the fascia and the platysma muscle to become cutaneous. They are arranged, according to their position, into three groups—anterior, middle, and posterior.
Lymph nodes may become enlarged in malignant disease. This cervical lymphadenopathy may be reactive or metastatic. [1] Alternatively, enlarged lymph nodes may represent a primary malignancy of the lymphatic system itself, such as lymphoma (both Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's), [6] lymphocytic leukemia, [1] Lymphadenopathy that lasts less than two weeks or more than one year with no progressive ...
Localized lymphadenopathy: due to localized spot of infection; e.g., an infected spot on the scalp will cause lymph nodes in the neck on that same side to swell up; Inflammatory localized lymphadenopathy at right mandibular angle. Generalized lymphadenopathy: due to a systemic infection of the body; e.g., influenza or secondary syphilis
The classification of the cervical lymph nodes is generally attributed to Henri Rouvière in his 1932 publication "Anatomie des Lymphatiques de l'Homme" [6] [7] Rouviere described the cervical lymph nodes as a collar which surrounded the upper aerodigestive tract, consisting of submental, facial, submandibular, parotid, mastoid, occipital and retropharyngeal nodes, together with two chains ...
Pain can also be in the side of the neck, the pectoral area below the clavicle, the armpit/axillary area, and the upper back (i.e., the trapezius and rhomboid area). Discoloration of the hands, one hand colder than the other hand, weakness of the hand and arm muscles, and tingling are commonly present.
If large amounts of air leak into the tissues around the head, the face can swell considerably. [8] In cases of subcutaneous emphysema around the neck, there may be a feeling of fullness in the neck, and the sound of the voice may change. [10] If SCE is particularly extreme around the neck and chest, the swelling can interfere with breathing.