Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The predicate is one of the two main parts of a sentence (the other being the subject, which the predicate modifies). [ a ] The predicate must contain a verb , and the verb requires or permits other elements to complete the predicate, or else precludes them from doing so.
First-order logic—also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, quantificational logic—is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. First-order logic uses quantified variables over non-logical objects, and allows the use of sentences that contain variables.
In linguistics, an argument is an expression that helps complete the meaning of a predicate, [1] the latter referring in this context to a main verb and its auxiliaries. In this regard, the complement is a closely related concept. Most predicates take one, two, or three arguments. A predicate and its arguments form a predicate-argument structure.
Semantic completeness is the converse of soundness for formal systems. A formal system is complete with respect to tautologousness or "semantically complete" when all its tautologies are theorems, whereas a formal system is "sound" when all theorems are tautologies (that is, they are semantically valid formulas: formulas that are true under every interpretation of the language of the system ...
A predicative expression (or just predicative) is part of a clause predicate, and is an expression that typically follows a copula or linking verb, e.g. be, seem, appear, or that appears as a second complement of a certain type of verb, e.g. call, make, name, etc. [1] The most frequently acknowledged types of predicative expressions are predicative adjectives (also predicate adjectives) and ...
A predicate is a statement or mathematical assertion that contains variables, sometimes referred to as predicate variables, and may be true or false depending on those variables’ value or values. In propositional logic, atomic formulas are sometimes regarded as zero-place predicates. [1] In a sense, these are nullary (i.e. 0-arity) predicates.
Discarding the unified predicates, and applying this substitution to the remaining predicates (just Q(X), in this case), produces the conclusion: Q(a) For another example, consider the syllogistic form All Cretans are islanders. All islanders are liars. Therefore all Cretans are liars. Or more generally, ∀X P(X) → Q(X) ∀X Q(X) → R(X)
However, we cannot do the same with the predicate. That is, the following expression: ∃P P(b) is not a sentence of first-order logic, but this is a legitimate sentence of second-order logic. Here, P is a predicate variable and is semantically a set of individuals. [1] As a result, second-order logic has greater expressive power than first ...