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Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Poland currently has a population of over 38 million people, [3] which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world [18] and one of the most populous members of the European Union.
The borders of Poland resembled the borders of the German-Russian gains in World War 2, with the exception of the city of Bialystok. This is called the Curzon line. The small area of Trans-Olza, which had been annexed by Poland in late 1938, was returned to Czechoslovakia on Stalin's orders.
On 1 April 1938, borders of several western and central Voivodeships of the Second Polish Republic changed considerably. This included such Voivodeships as Pomerania, Poznan, Warsaw, Lodz, Bialystok, Lublin and Kielce.
Following three consecutive partitions of Poland carried out between 1772 and 1795, the sovereign state known as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth disappeared from the map of Europe. In 1918 following the end of World War I , the territories of the former state re-emerged as the states of Poland and Lithuania among others.
Territorial evolution of Poland (1 C, 3 P) W. West Prussia (3 C, 14 P) Z. Zakerzonia (8 P) Pages in category "Historical geography of Poland"
Territorial changes of the Baltic states refers to the redrawing of borders of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia after 1940. The three republics, formerly autonomous regions within the former Russian Empire and before that of former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and as provinces of the Swedish Empire, gained independence in the aftermath of World War I and the Russian Revolution of 1917.
Map showing the border adjustment. The territory ceded by Poland is marked in red, while the territory ceded by the USSR is marked in pink. The 1951 Polish-Soviet territorial exchange, also known as the Polish-Soviet border adjustment treaty of 1951, was a border agreement signed in Moscow between the Republic of Poland and the Soviet Union.
Stachura, Peter D. Poland, 1918-1945: An Interpretive and Documentary History of the Second Republic (2004) online Archived 2019-05-26 at the Wayback Machine; Stachura, Peter D. ed. Poland Between the Wars, 1918-1939 (1998) essays by scholars; Watt, Richard M. Bitter Glory: Poland and Its Fate, 1918-1939 (1998), comprehensive survey