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There are also special columns that have resins with amphoteric functional groups that can exchange both cations and anions. [33] Some examples of functional groups of strong ion exchange resins are quaternary ammonium cation (Q), which is an anion exchanger, and sulfonic acid (S, -SO 2 OH), which is a cation exchanger. [ 34 ]
If the pH is above the pI, the protein will have a negative charge and bind to the matrix in an anion exchange column. The stability of the protein at values above or below the pI, will determine if an anion exchange column or cation exchange column should be used. If it is stable at pH values below the pI, the cation exchange column be used.
Strong acid cation (SAC) ... can also be used to remove hardness from water by exchanging calcium and magnesium ions for sodium ions in an ion-exchange column.
Ion-exchange resin beads. An ion-exchange resin or ion-exchange polymer is a resin or polymer that acts as a medium for ion exchange, that is also known as an ionex. [1] It is an insoluble matrix (or support structure) normally in the form of small (0.25–1.43 mm radius) microbeads, usually white or yellowish, fabricated from an organic polymer substrate.
Cellulose, dextran, agarose, and other insoluble complexes are unaffected because they compose inert matrices, hence why they are so often derivatized with strong and weak cation and anion exchangers in chromatography. DEAE-C beads have diethylaminoethyl chains covalently bound to oxygen atoms on the D-glucose subunits of cellulose.
[9] In the same year, conjoint liquid chromatography (CLC), which combines different types of monolithic convective interaction media (CIM) disks in the same housing, was introduced by Štrancar et al. [10] In 1999, Yates’ group [11] loaded strong-cation exchange (SCX) and reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) stationary phases ...
The anion exchanger family (TC# 2.A.31, also named bicarbonate transporter family) is a member of the large APC superfamily of secondary carriers. [1] Members of the AE family are generally responsible for the transport of anions across cellular barriers, although their functions may vary.
A decrease in pH reduces the retention time in cation exchange while an increase in pH reduces the retention time in anion exchange. By lowering the pH of the solvent in a cation exchange column, for instance, more hydrogen ions are available to compete for positions on the anionic stationary phase, thereby eluting weakly bound cations.