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A partially ordered set (poset for short) is an ordered pair = (,) consisting of a set (called the ground set of ) and a partial order on . When the meaning is clear from context and there is no ambiguity about the partial order, the set X {\displaystyle X} itself is sometimes called a poset.
A set with a partial order on it is called a partially ordered set, poset, or just ordered set if the intended meaning is clear. By checking these properties, one immediately sees that the well-known orders on natural numbers , integers , rational numbers and reals are all orders in the above sense.
In order theory, a branch of mathematics, an order embedding is a special kind of monotone function, which provides a way to include one partially ordered set into another. Like Galois connections, order embeddings constitute a notion which is strictly weaker than the concept of an order isomorphism.
The term finite mathematics is sometimes applied to parts of the field of discrete mathematics that deals with finite sets, particularly those areas relevant to business. Research in discrete mathematics increased in the latter half of the twentieth century partly due to the development of digital computers which operate in "discrete" steps and ...
A set equipped with a total order is a totally ordered set; [5] the terms simply ordered set, [2] linearly ordered set, [3] [5] toset [6] and loset [7] [8] are also used. The term chain is sometimes defined as a synonym of totally ordered set , [ 5 ] but generally refers to a totally ordered subset of a given partially ordered set.
A power set, partially ordered by inclusion, with rank defined as number of elements, forms a graded poset. In mathematics, in the branch of combinatorics, a graded poset is a partially-ordered set (poset) P equipped with a rank function ρ from P to the set N of all natural numbers. ρ must satisfy the following two properties:
The set of all linearly independent subsets of a vector space V, ordered by inclusion. The set of all partial choice functions on a collection of non-empty sets, ordered by restriction. The set of all prime ideals of a ring, ordered by inclusion. The specialization order of any sober space is a dcpo.
In mathematics, a complete lattice is a partially ordered set in which all subsets have both a supremum and an infimum . A conditionally complete lattice satisfies at least one of these properties for bounded subsets. For comparison, in a general lattice, only pairs of elements need to have a supremum and an infimum. Every non-empty finite ...