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  2. Greek diacritics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_diacritics

    Polytonic Greek uses many different diacritics in several categories. At the time of Ancient Greek, each of these marked a significant distinction in pronunciation. Monotonic orthography for Modern Greek uses only two diacritics, the tonos and diaeresis (sometimes used in combination) that have significance in pronunciation, similar to vowels ...

  3. Iota subscript - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iota_subscript

    Even when present-day Greek is spelled in the traditional polytonic system, the number of instances where a subscript could be written is much smaller than in older forms of the language, because most of its typical grammatical environments no longer occur: the old dative case is not used in modern Greek except in a few fossilized phrases (e.g ...

  4. Greek orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_orthography

    The orthography of the Greek language ultimately has its roots in the adoption of the Greek alphabet in the 9th century BC. Some time prior to that, one early form of Greek, Mycenaean, was written in Linear B, although there was a lapse of several centuries (the Greek Dark Ages) between the time Mycenaean stopped being written and the time when the Greek alphabet came into use.

  5. List of polytonal pieces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_polytonal_pieces

    List of pieces using polytonality and/or bitonality.. Samuel Barber. Symphony No. 2 (1944) [citation needed]; Béla Bartók. Mikrokosmos Volume 5 number 125: The opening (mm. 1-76) of "Boating", (actually bimodality) in which the right hand uses pitches of E ♭ dorian and the left hand uses those of either G mixolydian or dorian [1]

  6. Polytonality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytonality

    Lithuanian traditional singing style sutartines is based on polytonality. A typical sutartines song is based on a six-bar melody, where the first three bars contain melody based on the notes of the triad of a major key (for example, in G major), and the next three bars is based on another key, always a major second higher or lower (for example, in A major).

  7. Rough breathing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_breathing

    In the polytonic orthography of Ancient Greek, the rough breathing (Ancient Greek: δασὺ πνεῦμα, romanized: dasỳ pneûma or δασεῖα daseîa; Latin: spiritus asper) character is a diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an /h/ sound before a vowel, diphthong, or after rho.

  8. Smooth breathing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth_breathing

    The smooth breathing (Ancient Greek: ψιλὸν πνεῦμα, romanized: psilòn pneûma; Greek: ψιλή psilí; Latin: spiritus lenis) is a diacritical mark used in polytonic orthography. In Ancient Greek, it marks the absence of the voiceless glottal fricative /h/ from the beginning of a word.

  9. Overtone singing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overtone_singing

    Polyphonic overtone singing Pachelbel's Canon, performed by Wolfgang Saus Chirgilchin performing various styles of Tuvan throat singing.. Overtone singing, also known as overtone chanting, harmonic singing, polyphonic overtone singing, or diphonic singing, is a set of singing techniques in which the vocalist manipulates the resonances of the vocal tract to arouse the perception of additional ...