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For example, ethene + bromine → 1,2-dibromoethane: C 2 H 4 + Br 2 → BrCH 2 CH 2 Br. This takes the form of 3 main steps shown below; [3] Forming of a π-complex The electrophilic Br-Br molecule interacts with electron-rich alkene molecule to form a π-complex 1. Forming of a three-membered bromonium ion
Water (H 2 O) is a polar inorganic compound that is at room temperature a tasteless and odorless liquid, which is nearly colorless apart from an inherent hint of blue.It is by far the most studied chemical compound [20] and is described as the "universal solvent" [21] and the "solvent of life". [22]
A polymer electrolyte is a polymer matrix capable of ion conduction. [1] Much like other types of electrolyte—liquid and solid-state—polymer electrolytes aid in movement of charge between the anode and cathode of a cell.
A liquid, like a gas, displays the properties of a fluid. A liquid can flow, assume the shape of a container, and, if placed in a sealed container, will distribute applied pressure evenly to every surface in the container. If liquid is placed in a bag, it can be squeezed into any shape.
A laboratory route to o- and p-iodotoluene proceeds from toluene, which is treated with a mixture of iodine and nitric acid in an electrophilic aromatic substitution.The resulting mixture of o and p-iodotoluene is then separated by fractional freezing; cooling the mixture in an ice bath results in solidification of p-iodotoluene, which can then be isolated by filtration, while the o ...
For example, a typical ER fluid can go from the consistency of a liquid to that of a gel, and back, with response times on the order of milliseconds. [1] The effect is sometimes called the Winslow effect after its discoverer, the American inventor Willis Winslow, who obtained a US patent on the effect in 1947 [2] and wrote an article published ...
A typical example of a Lewis acid in action is in the Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. [5] The key step is the acceptance by AlCl 3 of a chloride ion lone-pair, forming AlCl − 4 and creating the strongly acidic, that is, electrophilic, carbonium ion. RCl +AlCl 3 → R + + AlCl − 4
The synthesis consists of three steps. In the first step, 2-iodobenzoic acid is oxidized by sodium periodate and cyclized to 1-hydroxy-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-one.The target compound can then be obtained by acylation with acetic anhydride and subsequent substitution reaction with trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane.