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Germination of seedlings raised from seeds of eucalyptus after three days of sowing. In agriculture and gardening, the germination rate describes how many seeds of a particular plant species, variety or seedlot are likely to germinate over a given period. It is a measure of germination time course and is usually expressed as a percentage, e.g ...
Photoblastic response of Japanese katsura tree seed germination [1] Photoblasticism is a mechanism of seed dormancy. Photoblastic seeds require light in order to germinate. [2] Once germination starts, the stored nutrients that have accumulated during maturation start to be digested which then supports cell expansion and overall growth. [3]
[citation needed] Cryptochromes are photoreceptors that absorb blue/ UV-A light, and they help control the circadian rhythm in plants and timing of flowering. Phytochromes are photoreceptors that sense red/far-red light, but they also absorb blue light; they can control flowering in adult plants and the germination of seeds, among other things.
The photomorphogenesis of plants is often studied by using tightly frequency-controlled light sources to grow the plants. There are at least three stages of plant development where photomorphogenesis occurs: seed germination, seedling development, and the switch from the vegetative to the flowering stage (photoperiodism). [2]
Red light (which is present during the day) converts phytochrome to its active form (P fr) which then stimulates various processes such as germination, flowering or branching. In comparison, plants receive more far-red in the shade, and this converts phytochrome from P fr to its inactive form, P r, inhibiting germination.
The presence of light or the absence of light may trigger the germination process, inhibiting germination in some seeds buried too deeply or in others not buried in the soil. Thermodormancy is seed sensitivity to heat or cold. Some seeds including cocklebur and amaranth germinate only at high temperatures (30C or 86F). Many plants that have ...
As the name would suggest this type of response is triggered by very low levels of light and is thought to be mediated by phytochrome A. [1] It can be initiated by fluences as low as 0.0001μmol/m 2 up to about 0.05μmol/m 2. [2] Germination of Arabidopsis can be induced with very low levels of red light, as can oat seedlings. Such low levels ...
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages. In the first stage, light-dependent reactions or light reactions capture the energy of light and use it to make the hydrogen carrier NADPH and the energy-storage molecule ATP. During the second stage, the light-independent reactions use these products to capture and reduce carbon dioxide.
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