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The North Caucasus, [b] or Ciscaucasia, [c] is a subregion in Eastern Europe governed by Russia. [d] It constitutes the northern part of the wider Caucasus region, which separates Europe and Asia. The North Caucasus is bordered by the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea to the west, the Caspian Sea to the east, and the Caucasus Mountains to the south.
North Caucasus economic region accounted for almost 6 per cent of the national GRP in 2008. This region includes the most troubled part of the Russian Federation, the Chechen Republic, and other republics where ethnic tensions are high. Economic capacities are far lower than the average for the country as a whole.
A diverse assortment of mostly Muslim North Caucasian speaking ethnic and tribal groups form the remainder. The North Caucasus Federal District is Russia's only Muslim-majority district, and is the only federal district that does not have an ethnic Russian majority. Life expectancy at birth in the North Caucasian Federal District, 1990–2021 ...
The Caucasus (/ ˈ k ɔː k ə s ə s /) or Caucasia [3] [4] (/ k ɔː ˈ k eɪ ʒ ə /), is a region spanning Eastern Europe and Western Asia.It is situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.
The Russian conquest of the Caucasus mainly occurred between 1800 and 1864. The Russian Empire sought to control the region between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. South of the mountains was the territory that is modern Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Iran and Turkey. North of the mountains was the North Caucasus region of
Ingushetia or Ingushetiya, [8] [a] officially the Republic of Ingushetia, [b] is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe.The republic is part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with the country of Georgia to its south; and borders the Russian republics of North Ossetia–Alania to its west and north and Chechnya to its east and northeast.
Pontic Greeks had also made up a significant component of the South Caucasus region acquired from the Ottoman Empire (following the 1878 Treaty of San Stefano) that centred on the town of Kars (ceded back to Turkey in 1916). Russians mostly live in the Russian North Caucasus and their largest concentration is in Stavropol Krai, Krasnodar Krai ...
The Russo-Circassian War was a protracted struggle between the Russian Empire and the Circassian people of the North Caucasus, lasting from 1763 to 1864. [36] As part of Russia’s broader campaign to control the Caucasus region, this war saw Circassian resistance characterized by guerrilla tactics and strategic use of mountainous terrain. [37]