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The first example of an artificial molecular machine (AMM) was reported in 1994, featuring a rotaxane with a ring and two different possible binding sites. In 2016 the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart, and Bernard L. Feringa for the design and synthesis of molecular machines.
A photoswitch is a type of molecule that can change its structural geometry and chemical properties upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation.Although often used interchangeably with the term molecular machine, a switch does not perform work upon a change in its shape whereas a machine does. [1]
ATP synthase is a molecular machine. The overall reaction catalyzed by ATP synthase is: ADP + P i + 2H + out ⇌ ATP + H 2 O + 2H + in; ATP synthase lies across a cellular membrane and forms an aperture that protons can cross from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, imparting energy for the synthesis of ATP.
4.1 Catalysis. 4.1.1 ... can be predicted, allowing for molecular modeling and dynamics. ... which can be used for the construction of molecular machines, ...
Molecular motors are natural (biological) or artificial molecular machines that are the essential agents of movement in living organisms. In general terms, a motor is a device that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical work ; for example, many protein -based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy ...
Molecular machines a molecule that mimics the function of macroscopic machines. Subcategories. This category has only the following subcategory. M. Motor proteins (36 P)
Enzyme catalysis of chemical reactions occur with high selectivity and rate. The substrate is activated in a small part of the enzyme 's macromolecule called the active site . There, the binding of a substrate close to functional groups in the enzyme causes catalysis by so-called proximity effects.
Synthetic molecular motors are molecular machines capable of continuous directional rotation under an energy input. [2] Although the term "molecular motor" has traditionally referred to a naturally occurring protein that induces motion (via protein dynamics), some groups also use the term when referring to non-biological, non-peptide synthetic motors.