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According to Tim Dyson, the period of the Mauryan Empire saw the consolidation of caste among the Indo-Aryan people who had settled in the Gangetic plain, increasingly meeting tribal people who were incorporated into their evolving caste-system, and the declining rights of women in the Indo-Aryan speaking regions of India, though "these ...
This is based on the map provided on p. 69 of Kulke, H.; Rothermund, D. (2004), A History of India, 4th, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-32920-0. According to the authors, the empty areas within the boundaries of the empire were the "autonomous and free tribes".
The empire was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BCE and lasted until 185 BCE. The Mauryan Empire was the first pan-Indian empire. At its height, the empire covered most of the Indian subcontinent. [3] The Mauryan Emperor was the monarchical head of state and wielded absolute rule over the empire.
Based on these, Chandragupta's empire was extensive, [1] [4] [5] here conceptualized at c. 303 BCE as a network of core areas and trade- and communication-networks. [a] [b] Traditional representation of extent of Chandragupta Maurya's empire c. 303 BCE, as a solid mass of territory. [c] [b] Some maps include all of Gedrosia, e.g., south-east Iran.
After the decline of the Mauryan Empire, the region came under the control of the Mahameghavahana family, whose king Kharavela described himself as the "supreme Lord of Kalinga". [10] Kharavela was the greatest ruler of empire who ruled during the second or first century BCE and the primary source for his reign is sourced from the rock-cut ...
Mauryan remains of a wooden palisade discovered at the Bulandi Bagh site of Pataliputra Fa-Hien at the ruins of Ashoka's palace in Pataliputra in the 4th century CE (artist impression) Strabo in his Geographia adds that the city walls were made of wood. These are thought to be the wooden palisades identified during the excavation of Patna. [31]
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264 BC: First Punic War breaks out between the Carthaginian Empire and the Roman Republic. 261 BC: Antiochus II Theos, 2nd son, at the death of his father becomes emperor of the Seleucid empire. 260 BC: Battle of Changping between the State of Qin and the State of Zhao in China; a decisive Qin victory. 260 BC: Ashoka inscribes the Edicts of Ashoka.