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First militia muster in what is now Continental United States, 16 September 1565, St. Augustine, Florida. A militia was mustered in Spanish Florida in the 1500s, [1] while on 13 December 1636 the Massachusetts Bay Colony's General Court passed an act calling for the creation of three militia regiments from the existing separate militia companies in towns around Boston. [2]
National Guard officers also came from the middle and upper classes. [53] National Guard troops were deployed to suppress strikers in some of the bloodiest and most significant conflicts of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the Homestead Strike, the Pullman Strike of 1894, and the Colorado Labor Wars.
The Army National Guard (ARNG) is an organized militia force and a federal military reserve force of the United States Army.It is simultaneously part of two different organizations: the Militia of the United States (consisting of the ARNG of each state, most territories, and the District of Columbia), as well as the federal ARNG, as part of the National Guard as a whole (which includes the Air ...
Charles Dick, for whom the Militia Act of 1903 was named.. The Militia Act of 1903 (32 Stat. 775), [1] also known as the Efficiency in Militia Act of 1903 or the Dick Act, was legislation enacted by the United States Congress to create what would become the modern National Guard from a subset of the militia, and codify the circumstances under which the Guard could be federalized.
The National Guard (or National Guard of a State) differs from the National Guard of the United States; however, the two do go hand-in-hand. The National Guard is a militia force organized by each of the 50 states, the U.S. federal capital district, and three of the five populated U.S. territories.
The National Army was formed from the old core of the regular United States Army, augmented by units of the United States National Guard and a large draft of able-bodied men. [36] Moral standards, and the morale of the troops, was the concern of the Commission on Training Camp Activities .
The National Guard began mobilization on September 16, 1940, and a total of 18 National Guard Divisions (plus one more assembled from National Guard units), as well as 29 National Guard Army Air Forces observation squadrons saw action in both the Pacific and European Theatres. The National Guard Bureau also experienced changes during the war years.
For example, the California Army National Guard and California Air National Guard are subordinated to the state of California and report to the governor of California as their commander-in-chief. This unique relationship descends from the colonial and state militias that served as a balance against a standing federal army, which many Americans ...