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Abstract objects are most commonly used in philosophy, particularly metaphysics, and semantics. They are sometimes called abstracta in contrast to concreta. The term abstract object is said to have been coined by Willard Van Orman Quine. [5] Abstract object theory is a discipline that studies the nature and role of abstract objects. It holds ...
A physical object (a possible referent of a concept or word) is considered concrete (not abstract) if it is a particular individual that occupies a particular place and time. However, in the secondary sense of the term 'abstraction', this physical object can carry materially abstracting processes.
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence. [1] [note 1]
Individuals (instances) are the basic, "ground level" components of an ontology. The individuals in an ontology may include concrete objects such as people, animals, tables, automobiles, molecules, and planets, as well as abstract individuals such as numbers and words (although there are differences of opinion as to whether numbers and words are classes or individuals).
Each level uses a system of expression involving a unique set of objects and compositions that apply only to a particular domain. [12] Each relatively abstract, "higher" level builds on a relatively concrete, "lower" level, which tends to provide an increasingly "granular" representation. For example, gates build on electronic circuits, binary ...
Abstract Objects: An Introduction to Axiomatic Metaphysics (1983) is the title of a publication by Edward Zalta that outlines abstract object theory.. AOT is a dual predication approach (also known as "dual copula strategy") to abstract objects [3] [4] influenced by the contributions of Alexius Meinong [5] [6] and his student Ernst Mally.
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In metaphysics, nominalism is the view that universals and abstract objects do not actually exist other than being merely names or labels. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] There are two main versions of nominalism. One denies the existence of universals –that which can be instantiated or exemplified by many particular things (e.g., strength, humanity).