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Iodine is a chemical element; it has symbol I and atomic number 53. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists at standard conditions as a semi-lustrous, non-metallic solid that melts to form a deep violet liquid at 114 °C (237 °F), and boils to a violet gas at 184 °C (363 °F).
Iodine cycle diagram showing how iodine is cycled through the ecosystem, including living organisms. The figures all have units of teragrams (Tg). Iodine is an essential trace element in biological systems.
The pentagonal bipyramidal iodine heptafluoride (IF 7) is an extremely powerful fluorinating agent, behind only chlorine trifluoride, chlorine pentafluoride, and bromine pentafluoride among the interhalogens: it reacts with almost all the elements even at low temperatures, fluorinates Pyrex glass to form iodine(VII) oxyfluoride (IOF 5), and ...
There are 40 known isotopes of iodine (53 I) from 108 I to 147 I; all undergo radioactive decay except 127 I, which is stable. Iodine is thus a monoisotopic element.. Its longest-lived radioactive isotope, 129 I, has a half-life of 16.14 million years, which is far too short for it to exist as a primordial nuclide.
Iodine is a chemical element with many uses in medicine, depending on the form. Elemental iodine and iodophors are topical antiseptics. [2] Iodine, in non-elemental form, functions as an essential nutrient in human biology (see iodine in biology). [3] Organic compounds containing iodine are also useful iodinated contrast agents in X-ray imaging ...
Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet.It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as congenital iodine deficiency syndrome due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems.
Iodide salts are mild reducing agents and many react with oxygen to give iodine. A reducing agent is a chemical term for an antioxidant. Its antioxidant properties can be expressed quantitatively as a redox potential : 2I − ⇌ I 2 + E° = 0.54 volts (versus SHE)
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