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Declarative memory can be further sub-divided into semantic memory, concerning principles and facts taken independent of context; and episodic memory, concerning information specific to a particular context, such as a time and place. Semantic memory allows the encoding of abstract knowledge about the world, such as "Paris is the capital of France".
Recall is a major part of memory so the history of the study of memory in general also provides a history of the study of recall. Hermann Ebbinghaus In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus created nonsense syllables , combinations of letters that do not follow grammatical rules and have no meaning, to test his own memory.
Memory is a site of storage and enables the retrieval and encoding of information, which is essential for the process of learning. [2] Learning is dependent on memory processes because previously stored knowledge functions as a framework in which newly learned information can be linked. [5]
State-dependent memory or state-dependent learning is the phenomenon where people remember more information if their physical or mental state is the same at time of encoding and time of recall.
The term "engram" was coined by memory researcher Richard Semon in reference to the physical substrate of memory in the organism. Semon warned, however: "In animals, during the evolutionary process, one organic system—the nervous system—has become specialised for the reception and transmission of stimuli.
Explicit memory (or declarative memory) is one of the two main types of long-term human memory, the other of which is implicit memory. Explicit memory is the conscious, intentional recollection of factual information, previous experiences, and concepts. [1] This type of memory is dependent upon three processes: acquisition, consolidation, and ...
Recognition memory, a subcategory of explicit memory, is the ability to recognize previously encountered events, objects, or people. [1] When the previously experienced event is reexperienced, this environmental content is matched to stored memory representations, eliciting matching signals. [ 2 ]
Modern memory psychology differentiates between the two distinct types of memory storage: short-term memory and long-term memory. Several models of memory have been proposed over the past century, some of them suggesting different relationships between short- and long-term memory to account for different ways of storing memory.