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Transport plays an important part in economic growth and globalization, but most types cause air pollution and use large amounts of land. While it is heavily subsidized by governments, good planning of transport is essential to make traffic flow and restrain urban sprawl .
The health and environmental impact of transport is significant because transport burns most of the world's petroleum. This causes illness and deaths from air pollution , including nitrous oxides and particulates , and is a significant cause of climate change through emission of carbon dioxide .
In the United Kingdom, transport planning has traditionally been a branch of civil engineering. [citation needed] In the 1950s and the 1960s, it was generally believed that the motor car was an important element in the future of transport as economic growth spurred on car ownership figures. The role of the transport planner was to match ...
The term sustainable transport came into use as a logical follow-on from sustainable development, and is used to describe modes of transport, and systems of transport planning, which are consistent with wider concerns of sustainability.
This includes all aspects of transportation, including the movement of goods and the purchase of all transportation-related products and services as well as the movement of people". [70] Employment in the transportation and material moving industry accounted for 7.4% of all employment, and was the 5th largest employment group in the United States.
The governor's budget proposal would slash the program that encourages biking and walking but would sink billions into widening roads, which aggravates traffic and pollution.
An important social role played by public transport is to ensure that all members of society are able to travel without walking or cycling, not just those with a driving license and access to an automobile—which include groups such as the young, the old, the poor, those with medical conditions, and people banned from driving.
Transportation demand management or travel demand management (TDM) is the application of strategies and policies to increase the efficiency of transportation systems, that reduce travel demand, or to redistribute this demand in space or in time.