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The Lebanon Cedar is mentioned 103 times in the Bible. [22] [23] [24] In the Hebrew text it is named ארז and in the Greek text (LXX) it is named κέδρου. Example verses include: "Open thy doors, O Lebanon, that the fire may devour thy cedars.
The Hebrew prophet Isaiah used the Lebanon cedar (together with "oaks of Bashan", "all the high mountains" and "every high tower") as examples of loftiness as a metaphor for the pride of the world [22] and in Psalm 92:12 it says "The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree: he shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon". [23]
The fable of the thistle and the cedar (or cypress) tree is a fable attributed to Jehoash King of Israel, and recounted in the Hebrew Bible in 2 Kings 14:9–10. Amaziah sent messengers to Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz, the son of Jehu, king of Israel, saying, "Come, let us face one another in battle".
The botanical identity of algum is not known for certain, though some references suggest it may be juniper (Juniperus).Several species of juniper occur in the Middle East region, including Juniperus excelsa (Greek juniper), Juniperus foetidissima (stinking juniper), Juniperus phoenicea (Phoenician juniper), and Juniperus drupacea (Syrian juniper).
Mount Lebanon is mentioned in the Old Testament 103 times. King Hiram I of Tyre sent engineers with cedar wood, which was abundant in Mount Lebanon, to build the Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem. Since then, the cedar species known scientifically as Cedrus libani is often associated with Mount Lebanon.
Great Lebanon cedars are the most impressive of the trees. "These great trees of course are not native to Israel," Dr. Hareuveni says, "but they're referred to many times in the Bible, usually as a symbol of haughtiness, or again when Solomon had cedar timbers shipped from Lebanon for the construction of the Temple.
Name in Bible Plant name Scientific name References סנה səneh: Abraham's Bush or Blackberry: Vitex agnus-castus, Rubus sanctus or Loranthus acaciae: Exodus 3:2 שטה šiṭṭāh: Acacia, Spirale: Acacia raddiana: Exodus 25:10 אלמגים ’almuggîm: Almug tree; traditionally thought to denominate Red Sandalwood and/or
Edward Lipiński and P. Kyle McCarter Jr. have suggested that the garden of the gods relates to a mountain sanctuary in the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon ranges. [10] [11] Other scholars have found a connection between the Cedar Forest (Cedrus libani) and the garden of the gods. The garden is close to the forest: "Saria (Sirion/Mount Hermon) and ...