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Cerium(IV) oxide, also known as ceric oxide, ceric dioxide, ceria, cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is an oxide of the rare-earth metal cerium. It is a pale yellow-white powder with the chemical formula CeO 2. It is an important commercial product and an intermediate in the purification of the element from the ores.
The main disadvantage of the stoichiometric ceria cycle lies in the fact that the reduction reaction temperature of cerium(IV) oxide is at the same range of the melting temperature (1,687–2,230 °C) of cerium(IV) oxide (), [5] which in the end results in some melting and sublimation of the material, which can produce reactor failures such as ...
Cerium(IV) oxide ("ceria") has the fluorite structure, similarly to the dioxides of praseodymium and terbium. Ceria is a nonstoichiometric compound, meaning that the real formula is CeO 2-x, where x is about 0.2. Thus, the material is not perfectly described as Ce(IV). Ceria reduces to cerium(III) oxide with hydrogen gas. [3]
Gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) (known alternatively as gadolinia-doped ceria, gadolinium-doped cerium oxide (GCO), cerium-gadolinium oxide (CGO), or cerium(IV) oxide, gadolinium-doped, formula Gd:CeO 2) is a ceramic electrolyte used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).
When there is a shortage of oxygen, cerium(IV) oxide is reduced by carbon monoxide to cerium(III) oxide: 2 CeO 2 + CO → Ce 2 O 3 + CO 2. When there is an oxygen surplus, the process is reversed and cerium(III) oxide is oxidized to cerium(IV) oxide: 2 Ce 2 O 3 + O 2 → 4 CeO 2
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Cerium oxide is a potent mixed conductor. [1] Mixed conductors, also known as mixed ion-electron conductors (MIEC), are a single-phase material that has significant conduction ionically and electronically. [1] [2] [3] Due to the mixed conduction, a formally neutral species can transport in a solid and therefore mass storage and redistribution ...
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