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The Battle of the Caucasus was a series of Axis and Soviet operations in the Caucasus as part of the Eastern Front of World War II.On 25 July 1942, German troops captured Rostov-on-Don, opening the Caucasus region of the southern Soviet Union to the Germans and threatening the oil fields beyond at Maikop, Grozny, and ultimately Baku.
Oil fields in Grozny, 1905. Grozny oil field was one of the largest oil-industrial regions in the territory of the Russian Empire and then the USSR.. Oil seeps to the surface of the earth in the North Caucasus were noticed long before the beginning of the industrial development of oil fields on the slopes of the relatively low Tersky and Sunzhensky ridges.
This allowed for a Soviet offensive that drove the remaining Axis forces out of the Caucasus region, effectively defeating the Axis Caucasus campaign. [8] The "A" group of armies lost about 100,000 troops in the operation. [9] Soviet losses to the Caucasus Front in 1942 totaled about 140,000 irrecoverable losses and 170,000 sick and wounded. [10]
In the first week of October 1942, Hitler came to recognize that the capture of the Caucasus oil fields was unlikely before winter, which forced the Germans to take up defensive positions. Unable to capture them, he was determined to deny them to the enemy and ordered the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (OKL) to inflict as much damage as possible. [69]
Pages in category "Oil fields of the Soviet Union" The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A.
Operation Pike; Part of World War II: Oil refinery in Baku. 1912.The French diplomat René Massigli, in a report to Paris, noted that US oil engineers observed "as a result of the manner in which the oil fields have been exploited, the earth is so saturated with oil that fire could spread immediately to the entire neighbouring region; it would be months before it could be extinguished and ...
In 1940, the groundwork for drilling ultra-deep wells in the oil fields of Baku was laid. [1] On December 24, 1940, the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) adopted a resolution "On strengthening the material and technical base and ensuring the development of oil production and refining in the Baku oil region". [1]
The oil transportation through the pipeline started on 25 October 1997. [ 2 ] On 6 December 2006, after dispute over natural gas supplies from Russia, Azerbaijan announced that it will stop the exports of Azeri oil through the Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline starting on 1 January 2007. [ 3 ]